Apple Picking Essentials: An Overview of Varieties, Costs, and Quality Standards

In the heart of Germany, regions like Lake Constance and the Alten Land south of Hamburg continue to be significant contributors to the country's apple production, accounting for around a quarter of the total apple harvest. These areas are known for their fertile soil and ideal climate, producing apples that are a staple in German households and the EU market.

The apple industry is not resting on its laurels, with a growing focus on reaching out to younger generations. Social media platforms like Instagram, YouTube, and TikTok are being utilised to showcase apple bowls, fitness snacks, and apple smoothies, all aimed at appealing to Generation Z. However, market research suggests that this demographic views apples as "classic" and "conservative".

Despite the efforts, the consumption of apples among 14- to 29-year-olds has seen a decline of approximately 15% compared to the previous generation. This trend is partly attributed to the increasing popularity of more exotic fruits like mangoes, avocados, or berries, which have a stronger lifestyle appeal and are heavily promoted on social media.

Climate change poses a significant challenge to apple growers, particularly in the Lake Constance region. Apple trees in this area are blooming about two weeks earlier than they did 30 years ago, increasing the risk of late frosts. To mitigate this risk, fruit growers are employing frost protection systems or wind machines to safeguard the blossoms.

The industry is also grappling with the effects of climate change on cultivation and yields, a topic intensely studied by the Competence Center for Fruit Growing at Lake Constance (KOB) in Ravensburg-Bavendorf. The centre's research aims to develop strategies to adapt to these changes and ensure the sustainability of apple production.

Newer apple varieties like "Pink Lady", "Kanzi", and "Jazz" are being introduced. These "club" varieties are sweeter, crunchier, and more visually appealing than traditional types, offering consumers a more appealing choice.

The 2025 apple harvest in Germany is expected to exceed one million tons, a 15-16% increase from the previous year. This increase is due to favourable weather conditions and the absence of severe frost and hail. However, the harvest at Lake Constance is estimated to be approximately 227,000 tons, a 10% decrease from the record harvest in 2024, largely due to smaller apples and drought in some regions.

In July 2025, apples were selling for 1.07 euros per kilogram on the EU market, an increase of around 10% compared to the previous year. The price fell by 10 cents in August. Despite the price fluctuations, fruit growers like Thomas Heilig from Bavendorf, Ravensburg, are optimistic about the quality of this year's harvest, as the trees need to "recover" after last year's record harvest.

The apple industry is also working to address the trend of declining apple consumption among younger people by offering new, more convenient packaging and promoting the health benefits of apples through targeted marketing campaigns. The success of these efforts remains to be seen, as the industry continues to adapt to changing consumer preferences and the challenges posed by climate change.

Apple Picking Essentials: An Overview of Varieties, Costs, and Quality Standards