Dog Consumed Large Quantities of Cocaine and Fentanyl, Surviving Subsequently

In a recent incident, a 2-year-old Chihuahua was found barely conscious with signs of drug overdose at an emergency clinic in North Carolina. The dog, who has a history of "dietary indiscretion", had ingested nearly 96 milligrams of cocaine and trace amounts of fentanyl.

The dog's case, documented in the journal Frontiers in Veterinary Science, presents an unusual anomaly not typically seen in veterinary studies on drug toxicity. The Chihuahua experienced a first-degree atrioventricular (AV) block, followed by a high-grade second-degree AV block, causing his heart rate to plummet to just 32 beats per minute.

Researchers suspect that the amount of cocaine or the route by which it was absorbed may have played a role in the unusual bradycardia. Bradyarrhythmias have been linked to cocaine's inhibitory action on voltage-gated sodium channels within the cardiac myocardium. High doses of cocaine can act more like a local anesthetic, blocking sodium and potassium channels in the heart.

The dog's tongue lolled out, pupils were dilated, and his heart beat dangerously slow when hooked up to an electrocardiogram (ECG). Veterinarians administered atropine and epinephrine to correct the dog's heart rhythm. The Chihuahua was discharged the next day with no medication, just advice to keep a close eye on him for signs of lethargy, disorientation, or abnormal behavior.

This incident serves as a reminder for pet owners to be vigilant during walks and use a basket muzzle if necessary. Veterinarians urge owners to be honest if they suspect drug exposure, as fear of judgment or legal trouble often delays treatment. Dr. Johnson, a veterinarian, advises, "It's better to err on the side of caution and seek immediate help if you suspect your pet has been exposed to drugs."

The dog's toxicology report suggests he may have consumed street cocaine adulterated with opioids. While studies have looked at 19 dogs with suspected cocaine toxicosis, none presented with AV block like the Chihuahua. This case highlights the importance of understanding the real-world risks pets face, as most veterinary studies on drug toxicity are done under controlled lab conditions.

This incident underscores the importance of pet owners being aware of their pets' surroundings and taking precautions to prevent accidental drug exposure. By being vigilant and honest with their veterinarians, pet owners can help ensure their pets receive timely and effective treatment should they encounter such situations.