Globally, 2024 saw a record number of internet disruptions

In the digital age, internet shutdowns have become a concerning trend, affecting individual safety, access to essential services, and economic activity. Last year, a report by Access Now documented 296 internet shutdowns in 54 countries, with some nations experiencing multiple disruptions.

Conflict was the main reason for the most shutdowns, with 103 incidents in 11 countries. Notably, Ukraine had 7 shutdowns linked to the ongoing conflict with Russia. Azerbaijan imposed a shutdown during its February 2024 elections, targeting areas where polling stations were located. There were also 12 election-related shutdowns in 8 countries.

Authorities in Mozambique shut down the internet following post-election anti-government protests, while protests against undemocratic policies, economic hardships, and corruption led to 74 shutdowns in 24 countries.

India, with its 84 shutdowns, primarily related to protests and communal violence, was one of the countries with the highest number of shutdowns last year. Myanmar, despite facing political unrest, experienced the most shutdowns in any country with 85. Russia, too, saw an increase in shutdowns, with 13 incidents in 2024.

The Facebook block in Uganda, implemented during elections in 2021, remained in place throughout 2024. In addition, authorities imposed 16 shutdowns in seven countries to prevent cheating during exams.

Businesses, e-commerce, and financial services were disrupted, leading to sales losses and reduced productivity. Digital rights groups expect more internet shutdowns in 2025. Shutdowns hindered remote work, education, and innovation, causing financial losses and long-term economic damage.

According to digital privacy firm Top10VPN, government internet shutdowns cost a total of US$7.69 billion in 2024. Internet shutdowns deterred investment, affected telecom revenues, and harmed tourism.

In 2024, Myanmar, India, Pakistan, and Russia accounted for almost 70% of all recorded shutdowns. Based on broader knowledge, countries such as India, Myanmar, Iran, and Russia have historically had the highest number of internet shutdowns in recent years.

Despite the challenges, the fight for internet freedom continues. Digital rights groups are advocating for policies that protect net neutrality and promote the free flow of information online. As we move forward, it is crucial to ensure that the internet remains a tool for progress and not a weapon for control.