Orangutans become adept at creating nest-like structures using soft items such as cushions, beddings, and mattresses, through imitation of others.

In a groundbreaking study published in Nature Communications Biology, researchers have shed light on an overlooked behavioral pattern in apes – the intricate process of nest-building by orangutans. Over a period of 17 years, the study observed young orangutans learning this essential skill from their mothers and adult counterparts.

The study, which took place at forest schools, notably those run by the Borneo Orangutan Survival (BOS) Foundation, revealed that orangutans construct complex nests complete with "pillows, blankets, mattresses," and even anti-mosquito properties. These night nests, built as high as 65 feet into the trees, serve as crucial sleeping platforms and provide protection from predators.

Young orangutans pay special attention to the more complicated aspects of nest building, often watching their mothers and other adults closely. Active watching becomes crucial to a young orangutan's survival, as they learn not only how to build but also with what materials.

As they mature, orangutans increasingly peer at the nest-building of others and begin experimenting with the tree species those individuals use. Infants-who primarily observe their mothers-are more likely to select the same tree species their mothers use. This social learning process allows orangutans to diversify their knowledge and adapt to different environmental conditions.

The study also highlighted the importance of social interaction in the learning process. Orangutans learn from their closest ally and from observing others, thus enabling them to construct their homes effectively.

This research not only deepens our understanding of orangutan behaviour but also underscores the importance of conservation efforts. The ability to build luxurious and weather-proof nests is a testament to the intelligence and adaptability of these incredible creatures. By protecting their habitats, we can help ensure that this unique skill continues to thrive in the wild.