Scientists in the United States successfully repurpose lithium from spent electric vehicle batteries by employing an affordable technique.

In a groundbreaking development, researchers have demonstrated the viability of a new process for recycling lithium from spent lithium-ion batteries, particularly lithium-iron-phosphate (LFP) batteries. This innovative electrochemical system, published in the prestigious journal ACS Energy Letters, could pave the way for more sustainable and cost-effective battery recycling.

The electrochemical system, developed by a team led by Professor Cho and his colleagues, is composed of a Li+-extraction cell and a Li+-recovery cell. These components can recycle lithium from spent LFP batteries, producing high-purity lithium chemicals such as Li3PO4, Li2CO3, or LiOH. The process is simple and cost-effective, requiring minimal chemical inputs and producing little waste.

The first step in the process sees lithium ions leached out from spent LFP batteries and selectively extracted by a lithium-ion storage electrode. In the second step, the extracted lithium ions are released in a separate solution for recovery. This system doesn't require special conditions, making it accessible for widespread adoption.

The development of this process is significant as lithium-based EV batteries, while cheaper to produce and safer to operate, have lower energy densities compared to batteries based on elements like nickel, manganese, and cobalt. However, the low value of iron and phosphate compared to nickel and cobalt makes LFP batteries less attractive from a recycling perspective.

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While the technology works, it is crucial to scale it up in the most cost-effective manner for successful commercialization. The recycling of lithium from spent electric vehicle batteries could significantly reduce the environmental impact of battery production and contribute to a more sustainable future.

Scientists in the United States successfully repurpose lithium from spent electric vehicle batteries by employing an affordable technique.