Therapeutic Approach of Reality: Characteristics and Benefits

Treatment Technique: An Overview of Reality Therapy and Its Benefits

Reality Therapy, a groundbreaking approach to counseling, was introduced by psychologist William Glasser in 1965. This unique method aims to help individuals take responsibility for their own behaviour through the lens of choice theory.

At the heart of choice theory lies the belief that an individual can control only their own behaviour. According to Glasser, a person's behaviours are choices, and this theory forms the basis of Reality Therapy. This approach emphasizes the present moment and planning new actions to satisfy needs.

Reality Therapy focuses on internal control and accountability for actions. It opposes the use of medication for mental health disorders, instead favouring a more hands-on approach. The therapy techniques include self-evaluation, action planning, reframing, and behavioural rehearsal.

One of the key principles of Reality Therapy is the focus on meeting basic needs. According to choice theory, humans are genetically wired to seek five fundamental needs: survival, love and belonging, power, self-worth, and achievement, fun, enjoyment, sense of satisfaction, and pleasure, freedom and independence. Psychological symptoms, according to reality therapy, are consequences of unfulfilled basic needs.

While Reality Therapy has gained popularity for its present-focused approach, some critics argue that it may miss out on seeing the whole picture. The therapy's emphasis on the present can potentially give a therapist the power to impose their own values and beliefs on a person, potentially molding behaviour in a way that might not be authentic to their choices.

Reality Therapy is versatile and can be used in various settings. It is commonly employed in individual therapy, family therapy, couples counseling, workplace settings, education, substance use disorder treatment, and correctional facilities.

Despite the controversy surrounding Reality Therapy, it continues to be a valuable tool in the field of counseling, offering a unique perspective on human behaviour and personal accountability.